21 July 2012
IMPACTION | Oral Surgery
Impaction is a tooth that fails to erupt into its normal functioning position in the dental arch within expected time.
Impaction tooth when its path of eruption into occlusal plane is obstructed by the presence of another tooth, bone of soft tissue so that its further eruption is unlikely.# Etiology of impaction
1. Local causes
2. Systemic causes
# Local causes
- Irregularity in position and pressure of an adjacent tooth.
- The density of the overlying and surrounding bone.
- Chronic inflammation with resultant increase in density of overlying mucous membrane.
- Lack of space due to underdeveloped jaws
- Premature loss of primary teeth
- Diseases such as infection or abscess, inflammatory changes in bone due to exanthematous disease in children.
# Systemic causes
A) Prenatal causes
- Heredity
B) Posnatal causes
All condition that may interfere with the development of the child such as
- Rickets
- Anemia
- Congenital syphilis
- TB
- Endocrine dysfunctions
- Malnutrition
C) Rare conditions
- Cleidocranial dysostosis
- Oxycephaly
- Progeria
- Achondroplasia
- Cleft palate
# INDICATION
- Recurrent pericoronitis
- Deep periodontal pocket
- Root resorption
- Orthognathic surgery
- Odontogenic cyst and tumours
- Tooth in line of fracture of the jaw
- Impacted teeth under dental prosthesis
- Orthodontic consideration
# CONTRAINDICATION
- Medical compromised patient
- Third molar need as a abutment tooth
- Possible damage to adjacent structure
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